ICJIM
Intercontinental Journal of Internal Medicine

The Intercontinental Journal of Internal Medicine aims to publish issues related to all fields of internal medicine of the highest scientific and clinical value at an international level and accepts articles on these topics.

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Original Article
Evaluation of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and prognosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis
Abstract
Aims: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) are practical and readily available laboratory markers that provide valuable information regarding the diagnosis, disease severity, and prognosis of various inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of these inflammatory indices (NLR, PLR, LMR, SII, CAR, and PNI) in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Methods: This retrospective study included 107 patients diagnosed with sarcoidosis and 103 healthy control subjects who were evaluated at Şişli Etfal Training and Research Hospital between November 15, 2019, and November 15, 2024. Demographic characteristics, radiological findings, disease stages, and baseline laboratory parameters-including neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet counts, C-reactive protein, and albumin levels-were recorded. The inflammatory indices were calculated, and statistical and regression analyses were performed to assess their diagnostic and prognostic significance.
Results: The study population consisted of 107 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis and 103 healthy controls. A statistically significant difference in PNI values was observed among different disease stages in the patient group (F=7.099, p<0.01). Pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences in PNI values between stage 1 and stage 2 (p<0.05), stage 2 and stage 3 (p<0.01), and stage 2 and stage 4 (p<0.05). CAR values also differed significantly across disease stages (H=18.286, p<0.01). Additionally, PNI values were significantly lower in patients with poor prognosis compared to those with good prognosis (t=2.966, p<0.01).
Conclusion: Inflammatory indices derived from routine laboratory parameters demonstrate diagnostic and stage-related associations in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Among these markers, PNI was the only inflammatory index independently associated with poor prognosis, suggesting that nutritional-inflammatory status may provide additional prognostic information in clinical practice.

Keywords : Pulmonary sarcoidosis, inflammation, prognosis, prognostic nutritional index, Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio

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Article available in :
Volume 4, Issue 1, 2026
Page : 1-8
https://doi.org/10.51271/ICJIM-0067
Article Information
Received : 29 Oca 2026
Accepted : 17 Şub 2026
Published : 28 Şub 2026
Corresponding Author :

Gülhan Albayrak: Department of Pulmonology, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Ayhan Albayrak G. Evaluation of inflammatory markers in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and prognosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Intercont J Int Med. 2026;4(1):1-8.

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